Software Piracy :: essays research papers

Programming Piracy      Software theft is the disappointment of an authorized client to hold fast to the states of a product permit or the unapproved use or multiplication of copyrighted programming by an individual or substance that has not been authorized to utilize the programming. Programming theft has become a family unit word and a family wrongdoing and has had an incredible effect on the product business. It is a difficult that can as it were be illuminated by the decisions of every person.      The PC programming industry is one of the extraordinary business achievement accounts of ongoing history, with sound increments in both equipment and programming deals the world over. Be that as it may, programming theft compromises the business' monetary future. As per gauges by the U.S. Programming Publisher's Relationship, as much as $7.5 billion of American programming might be illicitly duplicated and disseminated every year around the world. These duplicates function just as the firsts and sell for essentially less cash. Theft is moderately simple, and just the biggest rings of wholesalers are generally gotten. Also, programming privateers realize that they are probably not going to serve hard prison time when penitentiaries are packed with individuals sentenced for progressively genuine violations. The product business loses more than $15.2 billion every year worldwide because of programming theft. Programming robbery costs the business: $482 consistently $28,900 consistently $1.7 million consistently $41.6 million consistently $291.5 million consistently      To comprehend programming theft, one must get inside the psyche of the privateer. Individuals, who wouldn't consider sneaking product out of a store or looting a house, consistently get duplicates of PC programs which they haven't paid for. The privateer has a lot of reasons for his activities: costs are excessively high; the organization doesn't offer better than average help; he's just going to utilize the program every so often. In spite of the fact that, what truly makes programming robbery appear to be less awful than different sorts of burglary is that nothing is truly taken. There is no prompt impact on the stock or profitable limit of the maker of a bit of programming on the off chance that somebody 500 miles away duplicates a circle and starts utilizing it.      People will in general consider property a material thing, and in this manner have a tough time seeing a PC program as property. In any case, property isn't a idea relating to issue alone. Proprietorship is an idea which comes out of the way that individuals live by making things of significant worth for their own utilization or for exchange with others. Creation doesn't mean creation make a difference, yet rather changing the type of issue alongwith a thought and a reason. Frequently, the genuine expense of making merchandise is resolved in the creation of individual things.

Computer Forensics Investigation Plan for UniCareer Pty. Ltd

Question: Talk about theComputer Forensics Investigation Plan for UniCareer Pty. Ltd. Answer: Presentation Organization foundation UniCareer Pty. Ltd is a Company situated in United States of America. It is a main instructive supplier with capacity to give different examination capabilities in training industry. A portion of the capabilities offered by the organization incorporate; OCPJ, CFA, OCAJ, FRM and CCNP. Inside its 5 years of foundation, the organization is praising a colossal edge of achievement in instruction industry. The organization has a populace of 25,000 understudies and 10 grounds inside 5 unique zones in different states. It utilizes in excess of 50 staff individuals which are associated with different assistance conveyance from inside the association. UniCareer Pty. Ltd has a very much surfaced data innovation foundation which gives a lift to its administration conveyance considering the sum understudies served and method of administration conveyance utilized. Despite the fact that association depends vigorously on innovative help conveyance, it is despicable UniCareer Pty. Ltd has not refresh ed its innovative framework for a long while. It utilizes the two PCs and macintosh OS in their every day activity of business. Security highlights identified with arrange including authoritative firewalls division have not been refreshed for certain years and is inadequately actualized all through the hierarchical system covering a few states. Security parameters, for example, interruption location and counteraction have been set up in the hierarchical system yet doesn't offer required types of assistance to the association which relates to misuse of assets. Because of developing industry showcase, UniCareer Pty. Ltd is confronting extreme rivalry from organizations, for example, ABC Pty Ltd and should address security dangers emerging from its rivals. Goal of the report As of late, there has risen a few cases which presents security dangers to authoritative industry achievement. UniCareer Pty. Ltd understudies and staff individuals have grumbled of accepting an email which persuades them to join ABC Pty Ltd, a contending firm in proficient instruction administration conveyance. This is intense digital security danger since all messages got by understudies should originate from the organization. Accepting an email mentioning them to join contending firm shows there is an entrance to authoritative understudies and staff database. It is conceivable to raise a few hypotheses on the where about of such messages. Since UniCareer Pty. Ltd permits both staff and understudies to utilize their workstations and cell phones inside hierarchical system, it may be potential information caught by such gadgets was utilized to access authoritative system and database. The subsequent situation centers around one of authoritative workers viewing explicit material insid e hierarchical system premises while utilizing hierarchical MacOS PC. This shows poor system security where firewalls sifting has not been accomplished for security of some site get to while utilizing UniCareer Pty. Ltd arrange. The fundamental objective of this report is to concocted legal arrangement which would help UniCareer Pty. Ltd. To illuminate its digital security dangers. The report centers around nitty gritty and legitimate parts of computerized criminological examination plan. To start with, it gives a basic methodologies on kinds of criminology accessible and their legitimizations. Assets required and accessible to complete advanced scientific examination which includes abilities controlled by colleagues, instruments inside hierarchical master reach to help mechanical necessities and security approaches as it will be tended to in security arrangement intend to manage association in tending to security slips. Third piece of the report would address procurement plan in le gal examination which factors; alternate course of action, securing plan systems and confirmation and approval methods. Scientific examination would be tended to in the procedure segment which would include investigation of the messages got by both understudy and staff individuals and system examination strategies on security highlights accessible as tended to in firewall arrangement in regards to site access from inside and utilization of authoritative system. The last piece of report would address both strategy detailing, discoveries and proposal as required in data framework safety efforts to shorten UniCareer Pty. Ltd digital security dangers. Extent of the report The report has been set up in setting of assessing UniCareer Pty. Ltd current situation, system and firewall framework arrangement, methods in UniCareer Pty. Ltd business tasks and other security methods. In this manner, UniCareer Pty. Ltd authoritative extension would cover the two cases in the organization to ensure all security viewpoints are tended to. The report would concentrate on data framework digital security dangers as tended to from two hierarchical situations. Support of Current Methodology and Computer Forensic Methodologies Advanced Forensic Methodologies To think of answer for digital security dangers, UniCareer Pty. Ltd would be required to concoct scientific assessment of its framework in an offer to decide its stockpiling of information and assess how aftereffect of the exploration would be utilized to make sure about hierarchical information. Results acquired from scientific examination would may be in different structure for reason for thinking of assorted scope of proof which could be utilized in criminal case procedures (Maghaireh, 2009). There are three particular advances which are engaged with the procedure of computerized search of proof. They incorporate; obtaining of information, approval of proof gathered and examination to guarantee it is genuine for use in criminal case procedures. It is critical to ensure measurable research is very adaptable so it encourages more methods of gathering required proof. Procedures engaged with legal research are; realities rebuilding strategy which is utilized by analysts to reestablish information into its unique state after data framework has been undermined by aggressors. To reestablish information, different reclamation strategies are required so as to make process increasingly valid and adequate. The procedure of information rebuilding occur if hierarchical data framework has been undermined by an occurrence of digital aggressor, for example, one confirm in UniCareer Pty. Ltd. Information recuperation strategies ensures framework is brought once more into activities once authoritative data framework has been undermined and its safe tasks can't be ensured (Nelson, Phillips Steuart, 2010). Next, hierarchical system criminology has been utilized and keep on being one of the significant parameters which associations use for criminological examinations. It fills in as probably the best device to utilize when authoritative system should be examined for legal proof. Data information, for example, system and server logs are utilized by scientific specialists to think of reports which would be utilized to moderate security dangers to association data frameworks (Kleiman, 2007). Also, in instances of occasions, for example, UniCareer Pty. Ltd, E mail scientific assessment would be required since one of the situations that prompted measurable research is unrecognized email gotten by both staff and understudies. A portion of the email investigation that ought to be done incorporate; messages header which can be utilized to clarify the goal of the email, email IP address with plan of gathering PC used to send it, date and time when such an email was sent (Carbone, 2014). Circumstances where arrange legal sciences is helpful are spam messages, phishing messages or diverse malignant messages. In conclusion, Digital scientific research can be utilized as a perfect system to complete criminological research for this situation. Altheide Carvey (2011) contends that, both email and examination of system is fundamental since it tends to be utilized to burro w the confirmation if any framework bargain occurred. Steps associated with advanced criminological examinations So as to think of significant and perceived methodology in computerized scientific systems, UniCareer Pty. Ltd may receive following advances; UniCareer Pty. Ltd may assess these two cases through utilization of criminological specialists with the goal that reasonable methodology might be taken to comprehend security slips. Next, it may require UniCareer Pty. Ltd to build up an interest tick check of rundown which would be utilized to encourage advanced legal research. Notwithstanding that, it very well may be utilized to concoct hierarchical rundown of assets which would be utilized in crime scene investigation. This assets incorporate work force, gear and cash. Thus, UniCareer Pty. Ltd should face challenge anticipation and disposal methods which would make it simple for association to take care of its digital security issues. In conclusion, UniCareer Pty. Ltd should ensure hierarchical information respectability is kept up with all approval systems being placed in to rehearse. Assets utilized in gathering Forensic proof Readiness plan in computerized scientific examination While getting ready advanced legal arrangement for UniCareer Pty. Ltd, subject gatherings ought to follow unmistakably planned advances which ensures non-disturbance of current business exercises and every scientific system are done as per the law. Disregarding any operational method in criminological research renders the entire procedure futile since proof gathered can't be utilized in criminal case continuing. Next, information confirmation and approval ought to be engaged with the procedure of criminological research to ensure that, proof gathered adjusts to standard arrangement of rules and methods. Finally, there is have to come up appropriate capacity instruments of putting away any legal proof so it tends to be evident and precise when required for use. Devices in advanced criminological research Meyer (2014) specifies that, in scientific research, included gatherings ought to have the option to pick generally reasonable and accessible apparatuses which renders included gatherings exactness and insight of the procedure. It has been demonstrated that, it is scientific research instruments which

What Channels Are Most Effective for Recruiting of Top Talent for a Startup

What Channels Are Most Effective for Recruiting of Top Talent for a Startup Startups are at a disadvantage when it comes to recruitment when compared to their more established counterparts. While corporate companies can survive even with a few wrong hires onboard, startups can’t because each employee’s contribution is essential to keep their business afloat. In addition, young startups typically do not have the benefit of recognition or an established brand name, will struggle to attract hires because of the inherent risk involved with their business, may be inexperienced about what role to hire for or how to go about the recruitment process and don’t have adequate knowledge/awareness about the local job market. © Shutterstock.com | baranqIn spite of all the challenges involved, a startup can easily and successfully recruit a great team just by using the right tools. Through this article, you’ll learn about 1) worldwide recruitment trends for 2014, 2) 10 best channels for recruiting top talent for a startup.WORLDWIDE RECRUITMENT TRENDS OF 2014Employer branding“Employer branding” is a term referring to a company or organization’s entire efforts to promote itself (or present and manage an image of being) a desirable place to work or the employer of choice to a preferred target group of potential hires which it desires to recruit and retain. In 2014, employer branding figures as a key long-term recruitment tactic. A 2011 LinkedIn study of more than 2000 recruiters found that cost per hire and turnover rates for companies with solid employer brands are respectively more than two times lower and 28 times lower when compared to those companies with not so strong employer brand.Startups ca n consider branding themselves by highlighting benefits such as flexibility, broader business exposure, opportunities, transparency, teamwork, and camaraderie. Data is a driverData-driven insights and decision making are an important factor in employer brand building and drawing the services of top employees. Even though the majority of business functions moved over to the data-driven model, the practice is conspicuously not so common within recruiting. Leading organizations are currently utilizing or have already utilized Google Analytics for assistance with strengthening their strategy for talent acquisition.One example of a company with a data-driven recruitment approach is the Carlson Rezidor Hotel Group, one of the world’s most dynamic and biggest hotel management companies. In order to broaden their audience demographics and increase their number of website visitors, the company recently re-launched its career site. They joined hands with Weber Shandwick to come up with an e mployer value proposition that would echo well with their niche audience. Google Analytics were introduced on practically all the website’s pages. Data produced by the site was then studied to know more about the nature of public interaction with their website, where talent is located, and the determination of potential hires who matched the hotel group’s employer value proposition.Intensification of competition for the best talent2014 is a year of return to vigorous recruiting competition. The increasing competition for technical talent and top performers would reach such an extent that current tools and recruiting resources would be stretched to their maximum. Characteristic of the increased competition is a return to prominence of: aggressiveness, higher rejection rates, a requirement for counter offers and fresh focus on hiring the currently employed. Heightened competition results in a need to find out new recruiting strategies to get the benefit of competitive talent.Progr ess of online candidate assessment towards the mainstreamWith online skill assessment and technical knowledge options becoming less costly and more effective, online candidate assessment is progressing to the mainstream. The impact of this kind of assessment is high owing to the fact that it lessens unnecessary interviews and can considerably better the quality of hire. Social media has an increasing influence on quality of hireIn spite of the administrative and legal challenges involved, an increasing number of firms believe that a social media profile (typically LinkedIn profile) on its own is more than sufficient at least to initiate the hiring process. According to a Social Recruiting Activity report from Bullhorn, a global recruitment software company, close to all (97 percent) U.S recruiters utilized LinkedIn for social recruitment in 2014. If one wishes to get the best talent out there, ideally, social media should be one of the channels leveraged. Comprehension and increase d adoption of the mobile platformA recent study on job search traffic for survey data and smart phones for the recruitment website Indeed revealed that 50 percent of global job searches on the website are carried out through mobiles. Indeed, in 2014, the impact of the mobile platform in the area of hiring is growing and expanding. One can expect main-streaming of the technical capability which permits the direct instant application for vacancies from mobile phones.Tools for mobile recruitment can be chiefly categorized into four â€" Quick response (QR) codes, apps, text alerts, and mobile-optimized websites. Unfortunately, optimization of websites for the mobile platform and a tailored mobile experience is an area that is often neglected by many corporate career sites even though the job board sites themselves are mobile friendly. This year, a comprehension of how visitors utilize mobile and ensuring that the mobile website experience matches the quality of its computer counterpart should be taken as essential for recruitment marketing and not overlooked.Data driven recruiting becomes the normMore and more companies are recruiting their data driven. This means companies try to understand the impact of each employee on the sales or gross margin. By understanding what types of employees contribute the most, companies can hire more efficiently and thereby increase their profits. Common properties of potential employees include but are not restricted to level of education, level of proactivity engagement, creativity, and loalty.Boomerang rehires become a principal targetA boomerang rehire is a returning employee â€" one who worked at a company before, left and is hired again by the old company. The lack of talent will shoot boomerang rehires (one of those sources of the best hires) to importance after years of neglect. The best firms would reinvigorate alumni groups and leverage them to get their very best ex-employees with an established track record to return. Boomerang rehires are considered to be great talent for reasons such as them: being proven top performers with a demonstrated track record, association with a low new-recruit failure rate, possible ability to achieve the minimum expected productivity targets faster or easier than new hires, already matching the company’s culture, and being more likely to stay.Startup recruiting trends like: skills profile and rolesSome of the startup recruiting trends for this year are:More recruitment of MBAsAccording to a 2013 survey covering 84 business schools, 57 percent of the schools said that companies that were in existence for only a year or under had increased their full-time hiring of MBAs.Filling roles of growth engineers and big data developersSome of the most difficult roles to fill in include those that never existed two or three years ago:Growth engineers or growth hackers that can drive viral characteristics within a productBig data developers and analysts who can develop suitabl e algorithms and data infrastructure to efficiently leverage and study that dataLooking for hires who excel in fast growing environments and platformsThese environments and platforms include: Scala, iOS, full-stack Python, Android and Node.js developers experienced in developing applications that scale well.Quantitative analysisThe majority, if not all functions call for quantitative skills in 2014. It is challenging to bring in quantitative skills into functions that presently don’t focus there. This calls for both creativity and time. It would be a good idea to launch a new quantitative function with gems from other areas in your organization. You can also speak to your data scientist about introducing and interviewing candidates.10 BEST CHANNELS FOR RECRUITING TOP TALENT FOR A STARTUP1. Employee referralsEmployee referrals have been and will continue to be one of the top channels for acquiring top talent for a startup. Employees generally only refer people who they are certain would be a good fit, co-operative, hardworking, and an asset to the organization for the particular position. This may be because they are subjecting their own reputation to risk when they refer someone. The organization benefits from great talent and a reduction in expenses and time associated with recruitment.TipsOffer rewards and/or recognition (monetary rewards are best) to employees who refer successful hires for your openings. Consider giving out smaller rewards to people who gave you a referral even though the person was not taken into service.Publicize the rewards and recognition on offer so that your employees would be more enthusiastic about referrals. They can be publicized on your company’s career page, in newsletters, blogs, marketing campaigns, and even on your Facebook page, if applicable.Develop a form for employee referrals which new employees can fill in with a list of prospective hires they know and their contact details.2. Company websiteA company webpage(s) is a great and practically no-cost place to speak out about why prospective hires should consider working for your company (such as career growth, job atmosphere, salary, and perks).TipsIncorporate a button on the homepage that would take the website visitor to career opportunities/vacancies.Offer multiple options by which candidates can communicate their contact details or other information to you (phone, fax, online, in person, and so on).Current vacancies can be advertised on the website but at the same time never mention that no positions are presently available with your company. By doing so, you may be missing out on some very valuable talent who could contribute much to your company’s progress.3. Social media and professional networksProperly managed social recruitment techniques enable employers and recruiters to get the attention of and hire highly qualified candidates, with greater reach and less cost than conventional recruiting methods.TipsWith respect to attracting cand idates, some of the things you can consider talking about through your company page on various social media are: what’s unique about your company’s culture, what is the experience of working at your company (can include things like building tours and interviews with employees), community news, industry news, questions to your audience (such as any one thing they wish to know about your firm, a great interview tip), and of course, job openings.You can also know more about the personality of prospective hires by way of their social media profiles which will help you decide whether to accept (factors such as creativity and great communication skills) or reject (factors such as provocative content posts, lies about qualifications) candidates based on what their profiles reveal.Observe and recognize activities across your different social media networks. Candidate questions, responses, comments and other interactions will help to understand what areas your social recruitment efforts should focus on.LinkedIn dominates among online professional network options to find prospective hires but it would do well to incorporate social media plarforms like Facebook and Twitter too in your recruitment efforts.4. Internet job boardsOf all employees in the U.S., 74 percent are open to a new position if an opportunity were shown to them, or are actively in search of new work. According to The Undercover Recruiter, two-thirds of that percentage utilizes job boards to locate jobs that may be of interest to them. Another finding from the report is that job boards that don’t have an option for candidates to upload their job histories or qualifications were responsible for lowered utility for both candidates and employers.TipsWrite and position the ad in such a manner that it lures the right audience.Look for job boards websites.Optimize the use of added extras such as hosted forums. These forums are a platform for jobseekers to ask questions, thereby giving employers like you an opportunity to deliver feedback as well as develop relationships beyond online.Look for a job board(s) that supports features such as social integration and mobile access so that you have maximum reach.5. Internal recruitmentInternal recruitment involves evaluating one’s own current staff to see if any of them are suitable to fill a vacant job position. This kind of recruitment as opposed to external recruitment is associated with benefits such as the following:TipsManagement has a good understanding of the employee’s capabilities.Existing staff get new opportunities (or career growth) which in turn boosts staff dedication and retention.Less time and expense are spent on recruitment.Reduction of the knowledge gap â€"The employee taking over the new post can mentor and train the employee who is to fill his old post.Corporate knowledge remains in-house.6. Recruitment agencies / HeadhuntersA recruitment agency is a good option to consider when you are short of time to hire for t he vacancy, have not been able to fill the vacancy for quite some time, don’t have internal HR or have noticed high turnover rates for the vacancy and require expert assistance. Recruitment agencies are chiefly of two kinds contingency firms and retained firms. The former type is wholly performance based and you have to pay them only if they are successful in placing an employee with your company. The latter type is contract-based and has to be paid whatever the outcome.TipsTo make the right choice of recruitment firm for your requirement, it would help to ask your shortlisted options questions relating to, for example:How long the agency has been in businessHow the qualifications of prospective hires are checkedWhat the kind of clients they representWhat their degree of collaboration isWhat their placement success rate isWhat their billing process is7. College recruitment programsSome of the common forms of campus recruitment programs which you can consider include campus interv iews, phone interviews, on-site interviews, video interviews, campus career and job fairs, information meetings, career networking programs and off-campus recruiting programs. You can even list internships and jobs straight on the school’s job website, which only the school’s students and alumni can take advantage of. The majority of schools make use of a recruiting job posting service (such as NACElink) to manage their on-site and campus recruiting programs.In addition to helping enthusiastic and bright newcomers enter your business industry, college recruitment is a channel for attracting low-cost talent, and testing for longer-term capabilities.8. Company internal candidate / ATS databaseAn Applicant Tracking System (ATS) is a kind of software application with which employers can process job applications and direct the hiring process. With the information available in the database, you can test applicants, screen them, schedule interviews, mail rejection letters, check refere nces and finish paperwork pertaining to new hires. In addition, skill matching and review of applications is possible, automated messages can be sent to applicants to inform them of receipt of their application and HR personnel can utilize the same information to put successful candidates on the payroll after they are hired.ATSs can also help employers  determine from which source a candidate came to know about the vacancy: whether by way of a referral, job board or other source, identify passive yet talented potential hires, post jobs to many channels including social media,  and benefit from features such as customized input forms and automated resume ranking. HR and recruitment departments must optimize use of ATSs not just to search for fresh talent but also to leverage the talent already present in the system.9. Video interviewingAccording to a study conducted in August, 2013 by OfficeTeam, an administrative staffing firm, 63 percent of HR managers in the U.S carry out employme nt interviews using video, showing an increase by 14 percent from a year ago. In addition to it being a medium favored by the younger generations, video can catch subtle kinds of body language and emotional clues, and also aspects of the candidate’s personality, making it a great recruitment channel.A number of tools and solutions with which employers can conduct video interviewing, are available. With these tools, you can utilize live or recorded video to do things such as pre-screen prospective hires and/or carry out job interviews. With video interviewing, in the time usually taken for a one-person interview, it is possible to rate, appraise and select several or many of them. Some tools enable asynchronous interviewing. So, usually, candidates can answer a set of questions furnished by the employer with the interview being recorded at a time, and place convenient to them. Some examples of video interviewing platforms from the U.S and U.K are: Zoom, Sonru, InterviewStream, Mont age, HireView, Tazio, Jobvite, and LaunchPad Recruits.10. Trade journals/print newspapersRecruitment advertising by way of print newspapers and trade journals is still alive. A lot of heavy industry, service and mechanical positions are effectively advertised in local newspapers. The advantages of print advertisements include: the ability to reach a large audience with certain specialized skills and also to cover a large audience in a particular geographic area, newspapers are a considerably lower cost option, and candidates generally believe that any organization which takes the time and effort to advertise in a trade publication or newspaper takes its position on offer seriously.Before advertising in a local newspaper, check out the paper’s ad format and script your ad with an appearance and size that would attract attention. The ad should be lucid enough in its requirements so that obviously unqualified persons are discouraged from applying. For advertisements in trade publicat ions, consider those publications which you regularly read or scan because the probability is high that job seekers pertaining to your industry are checking them out too. You can also consider print publications that have online versions and check whether your print ad would feature in the online version too, if you’re interested.How To Recruit Amazing Talent for Your Start Up In conclusion, it may be said considering that such a wide variety of channels are available for recruitment of top talent, the HR must identify which channels are best for their organization’s requirements and learn to use the selected channels effectively and efficiently.Best Recruitment Sources for the Start-up Company[slideshare id=26509079doc=bestrecruitmentsourcesforstartup-130924141312-phpapp01w=640h=330]

Preventing The Crisis Of Underage Drinking - 1612 Words

â€Å"With such compelling information, the question is why haven t we been able to do more to prevent the crisis of underage drinking? The answer is: the alcohol industry† is what Lucille Roybal-Allard once said, a U.S. Representative for serving in Congress since 1993. This statement has brought many to speculate of issues and debates. This expression opened the eyes of American people that often struggled to make this truth into a reality. After this speech, one woman said â€Å"It might be easy to believe to take down the alcohol industry but that’s like taking down the government and that will certainly not occur. Families, who choose to teach their teenagers about underage drinking, seem to have a higher chance of getting through with the†¦show more content†¦Most teachers and faculty working in America’s school systems may recognize the truths about underage drinking. Underage drinking may have consequence in death and disability, poor academic performance, high-risk behaviors, and more. It poorly damages the teenage developing brain and increases the possibility of long-lasting alcohol problems. Warning signs can show educators an alcohol issue, mostly if the behavior happens unpredictably or seems life-threatening. Anxiety should be even superior if several of these warning signs happen at the same time. Underage drinking will result in behavioral, emotional, mental and physical changes. Behavioral changes being in having a disorderly look, lacking contribution in interests once adored, experiencing school problems, poor attendance, low grades, bad discipline, rebelling against family rules, switching friends you grew up with. Emotional changes can be shown being in rage strikes, outbreaks, wicked anger, and having a â€Å"don’t care† attitude. Mental changes can be shown through having memory delays and having poor concentration. Physical changes, connecting with low energy, bloodshot eyes, lack of direction and slurred speech. â€Å"Underage drinking is a national concern that s leading to more vehicle injuries and deaths than people realize. In fact, nearly 11 million underage people consume alcohol in the United States alone.

Should Congress Place Restrictions on Lobbying Essay

Background Many controversial topics have surfaced recently, but one that tends to fly under the radar is lobbying. Lobbying is defined as a group of persons who work or conduct a campaign to influence members of a legislature to vote according to a group’s special interests (â€Å"Lobby†). Although average citizens are not fully aware of the issue, it is quite contentious in politics. For those who are against it, they believe that restrictions should be placed on lobbying because it distorts democracy. Lobbyists use money and cost-effective strategies to sway the opinions of lawmakers. Others see lobbyists as effective, political tour guides who help pass legislation. An analysis of the lobbying process reveals the outcomes are often†¦show more content†¦Lobbyists must record all expenditures. This practice is typical of people-intensive businesses and organizations such as politics, public relations, and economics. Lobbyists are trying to persuade other individuals to spend money, invest time, and be of the same mind in regard to legislation and finances. There is concern over how they persuade others though, because they use huge sums of money that pressure groups to contribute to what the lobbyist is advocating for. Is There Controversy on the Horizon? Both sides of the topic have gripping reasons why they feel the way they do. The supporters believe that lobbying is acceptable and contributes to a healthy democracy. In this light, lobbyists are simply seeking power within governmental and public affairs. In the United States our political system is based on power, authority, and legitimacy. One of our nation’s values is the fact that people can and should try to influence our political system; individuals have the power to bring attention to important issues, matters of public concern, and current problems. Supports argue that lobbying cannot contribute to the demise of American democracy. All these factors contribute to what is our political system and lobbyists are arguably doing their best to advocate for the people, even if huge sums of money are involved. Fair Lobbying The National Association for the Advancement ofShow MoreRelatedGun Control Policy Brief Essays1884 Words   |  8 PagesWhat is the Issue? Gun Control What is the Question? Should gun control be instituted in the United States? The concept of gun control has become a hot button item as we live in a country where mass murders, school shootings, and many other gun related crimes are becoming more and more frequent. People are faced with the impending questions on what should be done to limit these types of crimes and how can one defend themselves and their loved ones from becoming victims to these senselessRead MoreInfluence Of Gm Companies1142 Words   |  5 Pagespatent restrictions to allow independent researchers to test and evaluate GM crops. 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Assignment Bias, Rhetorical Devices, and Argumentation Free Essays

Assignment: Bias, Rhetorical Devices, and Argumentation The speech of Kane campaigning for Governor is full of bias. The bias starts from the opening seconds of the movie clip and continued through the speech. The man in the beginning of the movie clip demonstrated a bias in favor of Kane becoming Governor. We will write a custom essay sample on Assignment: Bias, Rhetorical Devices, and Argumentation or any similar topic only for you Order Now These biases are created by labeling Charles Kane as a â€Å"friend of the working man† who is an ally of the under paid and under fed. This same Kane campaigner offers up a negative bias towards the opponent Jim Gettys by labeling his time in office as an â€Å"evil domination†. These same negative biases are continued by Kane himself, calling Jim Gettys â€Å"downright dishonest†. All of these negative claims are being made without any supporting facts. The first fallacy I noticed is that Kane is claiming to be a friend of the working man and lower class. The second is the claim that Kane has already won the campaign for Governor, and the campaign has not even started yet, which is a fallacy of false conclusion. The continued attacks on Jim Gettys are an ad hominen fallacy, because the attacks are towards Gettys not the argument at hand. The next fallacy I noticed is a circular fallacy or begging the question. Kane mentions that he wants to protect the under privileged, under fed, and under paid but quickly asserts that he is too busy to make any promises. Kane’s speech for Governor also contains a couple rhetorical devices. The first one I noticed is Kane putting extra emphasis on certain words and phrases, I believe this is done to imply something. The first time this is done is when Kane said â€Å"I made not campaign promises. † There was an extra pause or elaboration on the word â€Å"promises† implying the promises of his opponent were not kept. The next rhetorical device is when Kane said that he had more than hope, implying Jim Gettys has no hope or is hopeless. This type of rhetorical device is an antithesis. The next rhetorical device is of the same type. It is when Kane says he would make promises now if he was not too busy arranging to keep them. This is the contrasting of two separate ideas into one, single, phrase. There some good and some weak arguments and counter arguments made in this movie clip by the campaign man in the beginning and by Kane himself. The argument that Jim Gettys is evil and dishonest is countered by the statements that Kane is the ally of the common man. This is a good argument because of the passionate method used to deliver the arguments, which makes up for the lack of supporting facts. A weak argument is that every poll shows that Kane will be elected. This is weak because this would be very difficult to prove before an actual election event. There is nothing to back up this claim. Another argument made was at the end of the clip, Kane promises to set up a special committee to indict Jim Gettys for his wrong doing. This argument was made following the statement that Kane cannot make any campaign promises, this invalidates his own argument. How to cite Assignment: Bias, Rhetorical Devices, and Argumentation, Papers

Photochemical Synthesis of Benzopinacol free essay sample

In this reaction, molecules of benzophenone was brought to n((* triplet state where it possibly abstracted hydrogen from isopropyl alcohol and through subsequent reactions of radicals it formed two diphenyl ketyl radical which dimerized into benzopinacol. Subsequently, mixture of synthesized benzopinacol, glacial acetic acid and iodine crystal reacted in an acid-catalyzed rearrangement wherein dehydration of benzopinacol resulted into the formation of carbocation. In this state, an aromatic shifted and then, forming delocalized carbocation. Afterward, regenerating the catalyst stabilized the molecule into benzopinacolone. After qualitative and quantitative analysis of the products, it was found out that benzopinacol was successfully synthesized as attested by the IR spectrum which contained OH broad stretch at 3417. 86 cm-1-3460. 30 cm-1 and overtones at 1800 cm-1-1950 cm-1 region. However, inconsistency was observed in the determined melting point of 200(C-210(C which deviated from theoretical 47. 9(C perhaps due to improper use of the apparatus. Conversely, synthesis of benzopinacolone was not a success as there was no drastic change observed in its IR spectrum to that of benzopinacol and deviation on determined melting point from 175(C-177(C to 190(C-197(C which maybe due to incompletion of reaction. Low yields were also obtained after the experiment as only 18. 16 %( 0. 73g) benzopinacol and 21. 88% (0. 104g) benzopinacolone was collected. I. Introduction Photochemistry is the study of chemical reactions, isomerizations and physical behavior which occurs under the influence of visible or ultraviolet light. There are two fundamental laws in regard with this principle. First, the Grotthuss-Draper law which states that light must be absorb by the compound so as to initiate photochemical reaction. Second, the Stark-Einstein’s law which states that for each photon of light absorbed by the compound, only one molecule is activated for proceeding reactions. Here, the absorption of visible or ultraviolet light excites the molecules wherein change in molecular orbital occupancy, an increase in energy, change in local distribution and change in charge distribution occurs. This excitation results in the population of higher vibrational levels where several phenomena may then take place such as the vibrational energy lost may be use to relax the molecule bringing it to zero vibrational level. Another, the excited state may return to ground state by emitting photon. The energy of this emitted light is lower to the initially absorbed light. This radiative decay is called fluorescence if it takes place rapidly from initial to excited state. And, phosphorescence if it occurs slowly by another excited state. And lastly, the molecule may cleave into radicals. For better illustration, In the Jablonski diagram, shown above, it features possible routes for excited molecule to return into its ground state. In the diagram, electronic states of molecules and transition states are shown. The states are arranged vertically by energy and are grouped horizontally by their spin multiplicity. This visually presents the mechanism in molecule excitation and relaxation. Mostly for aryl ketones like benzophenone, after excitation, it may possibly undergo hydrogen abstraction, bond cleavage or cycloaddtion. Another principle to be employed in this synthesis is the pinacol rearrangement. In this phenomenon, the molecule is dehydrolyzed in the presence of an acid and thus, formation of carbocation occurs. Then, a shift is observed by one of the atoms to the carbocation. And finally, to stabilize the molecule, catalyst is then regenerated to yield the final product. In this experiment, benzopinacol is to be synthesized through photochemical reaction from benzophenone and benzopinacolone via acid-catalyzed rearrangement of benzopinacol. II. Methodology In this experiment, benzopinacol was to be synthesized through photochemical reaction and its acid-catalyzed rearrangement product benzopinacolone. Synthesis of Benzopinacol In this synthesis, 2. 0g of benzophenone was dissolved in 50ml isopropyl alcohol in 50ml Erlenmeyer flask. In this solution, one drop of glacial acetic acid was added. It was then filled with isopropyl alcohol up to the brim. After, the flask was stoppered using a well-rolled cork. It was ensured that very little air as possible was trapped inside the flask. It was tightly bind using a parafilm. The flask was inverted and exposed to sunlight outside the laboratory. After all additional product ceased to form, the reaction mixture was cooled in an ice bath to allow precipitation of benzopinacol. The final product was then filtered off from the solution using a Buchener funnel. Its melting point, yield and infrared spetrum was then obtained. The Acid-Catalyzed Rearrangement of Benzopinacol In this synthesis, in a test tube, 2. 5ml of glacial acetic acid and a small crystal of iodine were placed. In this test tube, 0. 5g of benzopinacol recently synthesized was added. The solution was then heat to dissolve benzopinacol and further heated for 5 minutes. After a stiff paste product formed, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The crystalline mass that formed was subsequently reduced to pieces. Using a little ethanol, the paste was thinned. The mixture was then centrifuged and the supernant was decanted leaving the solids in the test tube. Another two centrifugations were performed, note that, small amount of ethanol was added after each decantation. The product formed was then transferred to a filter paper by resuspending the solids in a little cold ethanol. Then, it was filtered through suction. It was subsequently crystallize by dissolving the filtered solids in a 5ml of 2:1 mixture of toluene and hexane in a pre-weighed vial. The vial was covered with aluminum foil with holes and was left in the fume hood to dry the product. Its melting, yield and infared spectrum was obtained the next meeting. III. Results and Discussion In this experiment, it is aimed to synthesized benzopinacol from benzophenone via photochemical reaction and benzopinacolone through acid-catalyzed rearrangement. In the synthesis of benzopinacol, benzophenone underwent photochemical reaction. Here, the starting material was exposed to sunlight which supplied enough energy to excite its molecules. Benzophenone upon absorbing light, undergone a rapid intersystem crossing of n((* singlet state to an energetically close (((* triplet state. Then, the latter rapidly decayed into n((* triplet state. This pathway is shown on the following diagram: Figure 1: Benzophenone Excited State In the diagram, excited benzophenone was relaxed through conversion to a triplet state and subsequently relaxed via phosphorescence. After photoexcitation of benzophenone, hydrogen abstraction reaction subsequently proceeded. Figure 2: Hydrogen Abstraction of Isopropyl Alcohol The n((* triplet state of carbonyl compounds is diradicaloid in nature hence, possibly participate in hydrogen abstraction. In Figure 2, in this mechanism, hydrogen of isopropyl alcohol was abstracted by benzophenone in a n((* triplet state to yield diphenyl ketyl and dimethyl ketyl radical. Figure 3: Radical Transfer Here, radical transfer from the dimethyl ketyl radical to benzophenone occurred in which yielded acetone and another diphenyl ketyl radical. Figure 4: Dimerization of Diphenyl Ketyl Radicals In this last mechanism, the two previously produced diphenyl ketyl radicals dimerized to form benzopinacol. Prior to the reaction mechanism, as done in the procedures, one drop of glacial acetic acid was added in the reaction mixture. It was done to remove the alkali which maybe present in the mixture that would consequently cause decomposition of the product to benzophenone and benzohydrol. After the synthesis, qualitative analysis was done to the synthesized product to verify its success. Figure 5: IR Spectrum of Synthesized Benzopinacol Examining the structure of benzopinacol, it was to be expected to have a broad –OH stretch and overtones region. In the infrared spectrum of the synthesized product as shown in Figure 5, there was a broad stretch at 3417. 86 cm-1-3460. 30 cm-1, encircled in blue, which is markedly due to hydroxyl present in the compound. And, an overtones at 1800 cm-1-1950 cm-1 as shown in the Figure5, encircled with red, is mainly due to the presence of aromatic rings. Another qualitative test done was the melting point determination of the final product. Theoretically, the melting point of benzophenone is 47. 9(C. However, the synthesized product melted at 200(C-210(C. This inconsistency maybe due to improper use of melting point apparatus since there was observed consistency with the infrared spectrum obtained. Quantitatively, the theoretical yield of the product must be 4. 02g however in the synthesis 0. 73g or only 18. 16% was synthesized. Loss of material was maybe due to long storage of the product inside the locker wherein some products spilled out the container. From the synthesized benzophenone, 0. 5g was used to synthesize benzopinacolone via acid catalyzed rearrangement. Figure 6: Benzopinacol Rearrangement In this disproportionation reaction, glacial acetic acid protonated one of the hydroxyl group, hence giving a positive charge on oxygen. Consequently, the compound was then dehydrated where water was removed and thus forming a carbocation. Then, it underwent pinacolone rearrangement wherein an aromatic migrated to the carbocation previously formed and hence, forming a more stable carbocation intermediate where charge was delocalized in a heteroatom as H+ is attached with oxygen. And since, H+ was the catalyst, it was regenerated thus stabilizing the molecule forming benzopinacolone.